![]() Lost for more than a century, explorer Ernest Henry Shackleton's 144-foot long ship, Endurance, has finally been discovered off the coast of Antarctica beneath the icy Weddell Sea. The wreck is protected as a historic site and monument under the Antarctic Treaty, ensuring that while it has been surveyed and filmed it will not be disturbed in any way. The Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust has announced the find, saying the wreck was located at a depth of more than 3000 metres in the Weddell Sea. The ship was crushed by sea-ice, forcing British explorer Ernest Shackleton and his men to make an astonishing escape on foot and in small boats. Photo: Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust / National Geographic They are currently investigating responses to varying doses of the supplements at different exercise intensities to better understand how ketones may affect performance, and the potential underlying mechanisms.The stern of the Endurance. Researchers say the findings align with their previous work which found ketone supplements increased cardiorespiratory stress during exercise. "The main observation from this study was that the speed that the cyclists could sustain during the test was lower after drinking the ketone supplement compared to the placebo," says Devin McCarthy, lead author of the study and graduate student in the Department of Kinesiology at McMaster. The research was structured as a double-blind study, meaning neither the researchers nor the athletes knew whether the ketone supplement or the placebo was provided. The drinks contained either a ketone supplement or a similar-tasting placebo. ![]() The experiment was conducted in a lab but simulated race conditions and the participants prepared as they normally would for a cycling competition.Įach participant completed two trials that differed only in the drink provided before they completed a 20-minute cycling time trial that closely predicts 40-km race performance. ![]() The McMaster researchers recruited well-trained endurance athletes who cycled five or more hours per week, selecting them because their athletic performance is consistent from day to day. "But our findings suggest that isn't the case." "One of the main perceived benefits is that ketones may serve as an alternative fuel source during exercise or potentially alter the utilization of other major fuel such as carbohydrates and fats, and in turn enhance endurance capacity," explains Martin Gibala, supervising author of the study and a professor in the Department of Kinesiology at McMaster University. Ketone supplements speed up that process, without the strict diet. A ketogenic diet-characterized by very low carbohydrate and typically high fat intake-causes the body to produce more organic ketone compounds and increase their use for energy. Natural ketones can serve as fuels for the brain and muscles. Some previously published studies had shown the supplements improve performance, while others have reported they had no effect or even worsened performance. The new study, published in the International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, tackles contradictory research findings related to the effectiveness of ketone supplements, which have gained popularity among athletes seeking a competitive advantage.
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